신품종 적색종 용과의 인공수분 시간대 및 착과량에 따른 수량 비교

Abstract

Jeju Island is changing from temperate to subtropical climate. The demand for tropical fruits has increased significantly during the past decades as consumers seek healthy and more diverse food products. The cactacease family of Dragon fruit(Hylocereus spp.) knowns as pitaya, includes 18 species that originated in Mexico and Central and South America. Dragon fruit has been reported not only for its nutritive and medical value such as beta-carotene, lycopene, and vitamin E, but also other antioxidants which enhance for immune system. These flowers are large that usually open at night and close early in the morning, so artificial pollination through bats and bees or hand pollination can enhance the fruit quality. If pollination is missed during flower bloom, the characteristics such as fruit weight, length, diameter, total soluble solids contents(TSS, °brix), and acidity decrease. In order to stably maintain the appropriate fruit qualities it is necessary to set the pollinate time point and fruit number per cladodes. This study was conducted to investigate suitable artificial pollinate time point and fruit number per cladodes in order to the development of cultivation method. There were no differences in fruit set, quantity, and fruit characteristics in hand pollination in the morning and afternoon. Greenhouses in Jeju Island, where dragon fruits are grown, do not have night lights installed, so they prefer to hand-pollinate in the morning. Cladodes with 1 to 3 fruits were randomly selected and investigated in order to establish the optimal number of fruits per cladode and to cultivate them stably. There were no statistical differences in fruit set, fruit weight, length, diameter, TSS, acidity among fruit number per fruit cladodes. Also, there were no significant differences in the daily changes in fruit length and diameter during fruit development and maturation. The fruit length and diameter daily change was highest until the 12th day of anthesis and decreased with time. The present study imply that early management during fruit growth development is important. Plants with 3 fruiting per cladode were no problem in the fruit set and fruit characteristics, but a number of floral buds (more three) could fall before anthesis depend on plant condition. Based on this study, 1-2 fruiting per cladode is most effective in setting to stable production.