«СТРАДАЮЩИЙ» АРТЕФАКТ КАК ФЕНОМЕН КУЛЬТУРЫ: БАЛАНСИРОВАНИЕ МЕЖДУ ЖИЗНЬЮ И СМЕРТЬЮ

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of an extensive group of artifacts that belong to the so-called «suffering» ones. We are talking about monuments that are perceived as being on the verge of death, balancing between life and death. A general characteristic of the peculiarities of the perception of cultural heritage monuments as «suffering» is given — which is largely based on archetypal manifestations of the human psyche. Special attention is paid to the phenomenon of «falling» bell towers and towers, which constitute one of the most significant subgroups of «balancing» artifacts; the phenomenon of the Leaning Tower of Pisa is particularly considered. Examples of conscious use of the «fall» factor in modern architectural works are given. The phenomenon of using the «balancing» effect artifacts between life and death in various directions and genres of modern art (in particular in sculptures by E. Kendziora) is touched upon. The fragility factor of some jewellry is analyzed. Attention is paid to the phenomenon of using fragile and short-lived materials (ice, sand, glass, paper, eggshells, rice grains, pencil pencils, feathers of various birds, butterfly wings, etc.) when creating objects of historical and cultural heritage. Artifacts that are included in the group of «liminal» due to the impact of the unfavorable natural environment (for example, St.-Petersburg and Venice) and anthropogenic factors are also considered. The question of correlation of the phenomenon of suffering with the authenticity of monuments is touched upon — which gives rise to a largely paradoxical situation of correlation of a certain ailment with the form and value-semantic aura of the monument. The variability of creative strategies from the point of view of ensuring the longevity of the work is fixed. The text contains a fairly extensive number of certain historical examples of the perception of artifacts as «balancing» between life and death.