О. МАКАРУШКА ПРО ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЗАРУБІЖНОГО ДОСВІДУ В ОСВІТНІХ ІНСТИТУЦІЯХ ГАЛИЧИНИ

Abstract

The article reveals the views of O. Makarushka on the use of the experience of foreign countries in various educational institutions of Galicia. The characteristic feature of the Froebel system is highlighted – the joint work of adults and children, where educators encourage children, accustomed to work, help to overcome difficulties. The pedagogical effect is obvious: in the course of joint activity, such features as responsibility, independence, observation, hard work, responsibility are formed.It is proved that O. Makarushka advised to use the different methods of teaching, namely the selection of interesting questions that lead to discussion. In American pedagogy, the role of work of students was identified, during which children help each other. The actual views of J. Dewey, who at the school introduced a series of practical classes, the individual stages of which reflected the historical claims and inventions of the whole of mankind. Knowledge gained in the course of practical activity became their inalienable property. Education does not only play a theoretical role, but also influences the development of practical skills, forms the social and political activity of students. When working together, students help each other, learn about the ability to forgive, and establish the friendly relations.A comparative analysis of foreign experience, its discussion with Ukrainian teachers is carried out. O. Makarushka pays special attention to the selection of lecturers in the national universities in Denmark, the charity work of women in Germany, on the peculiarities of folk education in foreign schools, answers the question: what should be education: universal or folk. The expediency of studying the Latin language, one foreign (German) language at school, is found out.The emphasis is placed on the study, analysis, popularization of the reformist ideas of foreign teachers among Ukrainian teachers, critical reflection, abstraction of individual ideas and their implementation into different types of educational institutions in Galicia.