СТРАТЕГІЇ ЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ МІСЦЬ ПАМ'ЯТІ В КОНТЕКСТІ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ КУЛЬТУРНОЇ СПАДЩИНИ

Abstract

The article is focused on the strategies of keeping the places of memory in the focus of the regime of temporality in the contemporary world. The methodological ground for the research is memory studies based on cultural anthropology, in particular, in collective memory regimes of temporality and "present pasts" cultivating (Assmann), as well as the rethinking of the principle of historicism (Lübbe). That presupposes revealing cultural heritage issues through the theme of places of memory (Nora). The new regime of temporality was provided by tragic experience of humankind during the World War II. Today time comprehension regime trough "present pasts" cultivation provides the new form of cultural memory comprehension. It appeals to space artefacts unlike the Modernity form, which worked with texts. Places of memory are particular, through which universal is refracted in the new regime of temporality. The author argues that intellectual search at the crossroads of history, philosophy and culture studies fixes the new regime of temporality, from the "present futures" to the "present pasts". "Present pasts" actualize genetic relation with the past, in comprehension of which is possible understanding current ourselves. Accents are removed from the history of the great accomplishments to the history of daily routine, and attention is paid on individual traumas and mental wounds in the new regime of temporality. That is why the history of memory with appealing to individual, psychological aspects enter the proscenium of historical studies. The past is set in the form of the cultural heritage in the new regime of temporality. Babyn Yar is the place of memory that represents particular where the universal is refracted in in the new regime of temporality. Strategies of keeping of places of memory represented in the private and the state projects reflect concepts "present futures" and "present pasts", respectively.