Abstract
The aim of the study is to evaluate the growth and development of young meat cattle in the Republic of Tuva. Objectives: to study the growth and development of young cattle by live weight at birth, 3 and 6 months; to determine the average daily and absolute gains; to take the main measurements and to calculate the body conformation indices. The object of the study was young Hereford and Kalmyk cattle (6 months old). The animals were assessed for appearance, their measurements were taken and body conformation indices were calculated. The obtained data were processed in the MS Excel spreadsheet editor. The study of the dynamics of live weight indicators and growth rates up to 6 months showed an advantage of Hereford calves: live weight at birth – by 4.3 kg; at 3 months of age – by 6.2 kg; at 6 months of age – by 13.8 kg; the average daily gain at the age of 3–6 months is 96 g more, and the absolute gain from birth to 3 months is 6.8 % more, from 3 to 6 months is 11.3 %. In the neonatal and 6-month period, Hereford calves were taller than their Kalmyk peers: by oblique body length – by 5.1 and 7.1 cm; height at the withers – by 7 and 3.9; chest girth behind the shoulder blades – by 5.5 and 4.5 cm, respectively. At 6 months, Kalmyk calves had highly reliable indicators of the leanness index (by 4.1 %), and the Herefords – the bone index (by 9 %). The advantage of the young Hereford breed in all the studied indicators can be due to their breed characteristics, as well as a fairly long adaptation of this breed to the conditions of the Republic of Tuva.
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