ПРОБЛЕМИ ГЕОПРОСТОРОВОГО АНАЛІЗУ СТАНУ І ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ СТАВКОВОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА ВОЛИНСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ

Abstract

The ponds distribution regularities within the basin, landscape and landscape-hydrological systems in the Volyn region have been established. The geospatial pond farms conditions and functioning analysis of region made it possible to evaluate advantages and disadvantages to use appropriate types of systems for these needs. To estimate basin systems saturation level by ponds was processed topographic maps of 1 : 50,000 scale. 586 ponds with an area of water mirror over 0.5 ha were identified on them. The average area of reservoirs is 6.4‒67.5 ha. Construction and exploitation of ponds in river basins of Volyn region significantly changes their landscape structure, influences on functioning of water bodies. The peculiarity of region is considerable river regulation on its upper parts. Maximum transformations (including hydrotechnical ones) have undergone floodplain complexes of small rivers, first of all on rivers Lypa, Luga, Serny and Chornoguzka. In the Pripyat basin, counting about 456 pond’s with a total water mirror area of 3 400,61 ha. Most ponds are concentrated in Goryn, Styr, Stokhid and Turiya basin systems. In Western Bug basin there are 131 ponds with a total area of 841.78 ha. The basin is characterized by higher rates of pond density (over 40 units/1000 km2). Most of ponds are locating in Luga river basin (110 units). For individual landscape places, quantitative parameters of pond differ, and the pond density varies from 7,69 to 86,48 units/1000 km2. The highest pond density is characteristic for Volyn highland. It is declining substantially in northeast direction, especially within Polissya alluvial-lakes, floodplains and terraces places of region. It is proposed to use landscape-hydrological systems as an alternative to inventory of water bodies. The highest counts of ponds in region are in Styr-III sub-basins (175 units; 29.9 % of their total) and Luga-III (109 units). Density of ponds in these sub-basins exceeds 50‒80 units/1000 km2. The high density of ponds is characteristic of Goryn-III sub-basin, especially of territory stocking index (13.52 km2/1000 km2). In recent years, there has been a tendency to increase of pond farms number in region.