ОЦІНКА ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ІНВЕСТУВАННЯ У БЕЗВІДХОДНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ У СІЛЬСЬКОМУ ГОСПОДАРСТВІ

Abstract

The article examines the current state and trends of investing in the development of renewable energy sources and waste-free biogas technologies in agriculture. Investing in biogas plants for large agricultural enterprises solves several problems at once. One of the most important is the processing of waste, which is especially important for livestock complexes. The volumes of global investments in renewable energy sources and biofuels in 2011–2021 are analyzed and determined that 2021 was a record year in terms of total investment in the energy transition, and in terms of investment in renewable energy and biofuels. China and Europe remain the leaders in investing in renewable energy and biofuels in 2021. In recent years, there has been an upward trend in domestic investment in renewable energy and biofuels, but their volumes are still at a low level. Investing in any market, regardless of the presence of international representatives on it and the probable inclination of the business to risk, is a rather difficult decision. The initial stage in deciding to enter the Ukrainian market, the investor must choose and develop a clear and unambiguous investment strategy through a thorough risk assessment. Three possible scenarios for an investor to enter the renewable energy and biofuels market have been identified: creation of a new company from scratch (greenfield), acquisition of an existing company; acquisition of existing production. Also, on the basis of the most cost-effective scenario – the creation of a new company from scratch (greenfield) – an assessment of the economic efficiency of investing in waste-free biogas technologies in agriculture was carried out. Based on the results of the study, five areas have been identified to stimulate investment in renewable energy sources in general and biogas waste-free technologies in particular. Increased investment in the renewable energy sector will allow Ukraine to produce additional volumes of electricity that can be exported to Europe in exchange for Russian energy resources. Despite global trends, many investors have suspended support for renewable energy projects due to the state’s failure to fulfill its obligations and the retrospective reduction of “green” tariffs without launching an alternative in the form of “green” auctions.