Формування стійкості рослин насіннєвої люцерни в умовах різного екологічного градієнта

Abstract

Goal. To study adaptive traits in the selection of populations of alfalfa for seed use in 2 years of life and to select promising material for further use in the selection process. Methods. Field, mathematical calculation, statistical and biplot-analysis methods. The objects of study were 24 alfalfa populations for seed use. Analysis of resistance of alfalfa genotypes to stress was carried out using various adaptability parameters. Results. For the cultivation of alfalfa for seeds in 2 years of life, the best conditions for sowing were in 2019, where the index of environmental conditions (lj) was +156.79, and the worst — was in 2017 with the index of environmental conditions — 123.38. The population M.g./CP11 was characterized by the highest seed productivity under the worst conditions — 472.1 kg/ha, and under the best conditions — the population A.N. d. No. 15 — 840.5 kg/ha. Populations Sin(s)./Primorka, A.N. d.No. 15 and Dobir by root system according to adaptability parameters were selected as intensive type populations. Instead, the M.g./CP11 population turned out to be the most stable in terms of adaptability. Correlations between seed yield under different growing conditions and parameters of adaptive traits were analyzed, and the most suitable identifiers of adaptability were selected. According to the results of GGE biplot-analysis, the most stable population M.g./CP11, Sin(s.)/Primorka, and A.N.d. No. 15 were selected as plastic, and Dobir according to k.s. could be considered as an intensive type population. Conclusions. The most suitable adaptability parameters for the selection of seed alfalfa populations were selected, and the most promising populations were selected and divided into groups.