АНАЛИЗ И СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ СРЕДСТВ УЧЁТА ЭЛЕКТРОПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯМИ СУДОВОЙ ОТРАСЛИ

Abstract

The object of research are the enterprises of ship industry (cargo ports, berth places, ship-repair and shipbuilding plants, processing plants of fish raw materials). Analysis of amount of power consumption by the enterprises of ship infrastructure, problem of plunder of electric energy by unauthorized intervention in normal operation of metering devices is provided in article (including normal operation of metering stations - current transformers, voltage transformers) or avoiding metering instruments of electric energy. Such concepts as technical and commercial losses of electrical networks have been formulated. The effectiveness of the taken measures with each type of the specified losses has been considered. General methods of identification of unauthorized intervention in operation of metering instruments of electric energy are considered: method of external visual examination of the electric counter and metrological method by using the control and measuring equipment. Taking measurements by control equipment, it is necessary to pay special attention to consuming electric energy by the metering instruments. The working principle of a circuit which isn't provided by the manufacturer and is lowering readings of the consumed electric power is schematically presented. According to the achievements of improvement of technical means of accounting electric energy there has been offered a relevant and effective way of fight against plunder of electric energy: starting mass production of electric meters with a cast casing and a built-in anti-magnetic indicator. At the same time, the importance of setting the high quality components into the metering instruments at the manufacturing plant is emphasized.