Визначення внутрішньозмінних втрат робочого часу роботи обладнання методом миттєвих спостережень

Abstract

The article considers the use of the method of instantaneous observations to determine the intra-variable losses of working time and operating time of equipment by the method of instantaneous observations. The application of the method of instantaneous observations is especially relevant in the conditions of mass production, especially in the conditions of automated and semi-automated production. Additional reserves for the use of variable working time and increased productivity have been revealed. A separate example considers the method of applying the method of instantaneous observations to determine intra-variable losses. Based on the obtained results, absolute and relative indicators were calculated according to the elements of variable time fund losses. When processing the results of sample observation, averages were calculated, which characterize the average number of downtimes or average time loss per machine in absolute terms. It was found that non-production losses were recorded in 245 cases, which was 14.85% of the variable fund of equipment operating time. Based on the analysis of these indicators, it was concluded about the uneven use of variable stock of operating time of machines. The amount of losses of the variable working time fund, calculated on the basis of the method of instant observations, was much larger compared to the method of photography of the working day. The use of the method of instant observation in the company requires significantly fewer workers than in the photography of working time. The use of this method allows to obtain sufficiently reliable results that can be used in operational production at an industrial enterprise.