Abstract
Among the most valuable natural resources of any country are its forest reserves. They need to be preserved. The need for forest protection also exists in Azerbaijan, where there is less forest per inhabitant than in neighboring countries. The use of modern data acquisition and processing methods as well as geographical information system technologies has reduced research in this area to a set of standard procedures. The article describes the stages of processing satellite images available in the public domain, using the case study of the north-eastern region of Azerbaijan, in order to compile forest cover maps over a number of different years. The Landsat images obtained during the summer seasons in different years from 1987 to 2018 are studied. The images covered the territory of 5 neighboring districts in the north-east of Azerbaijan. Preliminary processing of the images included radiometric calibration and atmospheric correction and was carried out using the ENVI software and the FLAASH module. The article also shows the final processing of images using the ArcGIS program in order to determine the areas covered by forests in different years. The analysis was based on the calculation of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The index was calculated for all considered satellite images. Then sections of images with high NDVI values were highlighted, vectorized, and the areas of the resulting polygons were found. Thus, a separate thematic layer is created for each year, showing the area of forest cover that year, i.e. 3 layers in total. The data obtained were summarized in a table, from which a diagram showing the dynamics of the forest area in the region was created. The data also became the basis for a thematic electronic map of forest loss. The continuation of this process has been described. For citation: Mamedaliyeva V.M. Changes in Forested Areas of the North-Eastern Region of Azerbaijan Revealed by Satellite Images. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2022, no. 1, pp. 88–97. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2022-1-88-97
Highlights
Уничтожение лесов, поглощающих углекислый газ из атмосферы, приводит к росту выбросов парниковых газов
The need for forest protection exists in Azerbaijan, where there is less forest per inhabitant than in neighboring countries
The article describes the stages of processing satellite images available in the public domain, using the case study of the north-eastern region of Azerbaijan, in order to compile forest cover maps over a number of different years
Summary
Для решения задачи использовались данные дистанционного зондирования 1987, 2000 и 2018 гг. со спутников Landsat 5 и Landsat 8. Что значения, содержащиеся в файлах каналов многозонального изображения, представляют собой безразмерную величину, пропорциональную интенсивности излучения, достигающего сенсора Landsat. Поэтому предварительная обработка спутниковых данных включает также радиометрическую калибровку и атмосферную коррекцию [4, 7]. 3. Для проведения радиометрической калибровки относительные единицы DN должны быть преобразованы в интенсивность излучения R от объектов, достигшего орбиты Landsat [19]. В этом виде данные готовы для проведения атмосферной коррекции посредством модуля FLAASH [14]. Занятых густой растительностью, рассчитан нормализованный разностный индекс растительности NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) – наиболее распространенный для решения задач, использующих количественные оценки растительного покрова, индекс [17]: NDVI = (NIR – RED) / (NIR + RED), где NIR и RED – отражения соответственно в ближней инфракрасной и красной областях спектра. В табл. 1 приведены индексы для различных классов объектов [12]
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