Особенности органогене за труднокул ьтивируемых ни зкорослых сортов вишни обыкновенной (Prunus ceras us L.) в кул ьтуре in vitro

Abstract

The article presents the results of research on clonal micropropagation of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) which is difficult to reproduce at the proliferation stage by traditional methods. A number of modern winter-hardy domestic cultivars of P. cerasus are promising for plantation cultivation of this crop in the Nonchernozem zone of the European part of Russia. The method of clonal micropropagation is advisable to obtain a large amount of healthy and genetically homogeneous rootstocks of fruit crops. Regenerated plants of P. cerasus of low-growing, mid-season and winter-hardy cultivars Assol’ and Shokoladnitsa were used as research objects. The growth and developmental features of P. cerasus regenerated plants were studied during in vitro cultivation on a QL nutrient medium supplemented with growth regulators of the cytokinin group (6-BAP, thidiazuron, zeatin) in different concentrations. The highest indicators for the length of microshoots (average 13.4 mm) and the number of leaves (average 6.0 pcs.) of P. cerasus plants in in vitro culture are recorded for the Shokoladnitsa cultivar. The maximum length of microshoots of P. cerasus Assol’ cultivar is observed on the 60th day of cultivation on a QL nutrient medium with the addition of zeatin at a concentration of 0.3 mg/l (10.5 mm) and thidiazuron at a concentration of 0.3 mg/l (9.8 mm), while the maximum number of leaves (7.8 pieces) is observed with addition of 0.3 mg/l zeatin. The maximum length of microshoots of P. cerasus of the Shokoladnitsa cultivar is observed when grown for 60 days on a QL nutrient medium with the addition of 6-BAP at concentrations of 0.5 mg/l (17.7 mm) and 1.0 mg/l (14.2 mm), while the maximum number of leaves (7.2 pieces) is observed with addition of 0.3 mg/l zeatin.