СТАНДАРТИЗИРОВАННАЯ ИЛЕАЛЬНАЯ УСВОЯЕМОСТЬ АМИНОКИСЛОТ БЕЛКОВОГО КОНЦЕНТРАТА НА ОСНОВЕ ЛИЧИНОК МУХ Lucilia spp. (Diptera: Сalliphoridae) И ЕГО ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ КРОВИ У ЦЫПЛЯТ-БРОЙЛЕРОВ(Gallus gallus L.)

Abstract

Bioconversion is an ecologically friendly and effective way of the utilization of organic wastes; it involves the use of these wastes as a substrate in the biotechnologies of different products. The larvae of the black soldier fly (Hermeia illucens L.) grown on the organic wastes have been earlier studied as a raw material for feed ingredients for poultry; recently the larvae of common green bottle fly (Lucilia spp.) draw the attention as a potential source of feed-grade protein for animals and poultry. The dried defatted biomass of the larvae contains crude protein (no less than 62 %), fat (10 %), lysine (no less than 4 %), methionine + cystine (2.0 %) and hence could be a promising protein source in diets for poultry. However, despite the apparent advantages of the bioconversion of organic wastes by insects into the dietary protein sources for poultry there is a scarcity of the data on the quality of these products and on their effects on poultry. Earlier research evidenced the efficiency of the supplementation of diets for growing turkeys with 5.0-7.5 % of dried full-fat Lucilia larvae; however, the ileal digestibility of amino acids in turkeys (necessary for the balancing of dietary amino acids) was not assessed. The study presented is a first attempt of the in vivo assessment of ileal digestibility of amino acids from Lucilia larvae protein concentrate (LLPC) in broilers (Gallus gallus L.). The aim of the study was the determination of apparent (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids from LLPC within the experimental diet and its effects on the morphological and biochemical blood indices in broilers. AID and SID were determined in the vivarium of the All-Russian Research and Technological Institute of Poultry in 2019 on broilers (cross Smena 8, 18-42 days of age) with chronic ileal fistulae fed mono-protein diet contained LLPC, dextrose, fiber, and a premix of vitamins and minerals. SID was calculated with the endogenous losses of amino acids taken into account. SID of potentially limiting amino acids were as follows: lysine 82.9 %, methionine 86.6 %; threonine 80.4 %; arginine 89.5 %; isoleucine 80.0 %; leucine 81.9 %; valine 79.9 %; histidine 82.9 %, and phenylalanine 85.7 %. The beneficial effects of LLPC on the blood indices were found: the activity of alanine transaminase was significantly higher by 23.5 % in broilers fed LLPC in compare to control while the activity of aspartate transaminase was lower by 24.6 % (p < 0.05) indicating the prevalence of the anabolic processes over the catabolic. The significant increase in total protein concentration in serum (by 20.0 %, p < 0.05) and increase in hemoglobin concentration by 4.2 % in compare to control evidenced the activation of the metabolism. The use of SID (instead of AID) allows for more accurate balancing of dietary contents of available amino acids, more adequate amino acid supply to poultry, and for the reduction of nitrogen emissions into the environment due to the optimization of dietary protein content.