СПЕЦИФИКА ГРАДОСТРОИТЕЛЬНОГО ПЛАНИРОВАНИЯ КРУПНЫХ УРБАНИЗИРОВАННЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ В СКАНДИНАВСКИХ СТРАНАХ. ЧАСТЬ III: CОПОДЧИНЕННОСТЬ «НОВОГО ЛОКАЛИЗМА» ДИРЕКТИВНОМУ ГРАДОСТРОИТЕЛЬНОМУ ПЛАНИРОВАНИЮ В ДАНИИ

Abstract

The article substantiates the relevance and expediency of studying the urban planning system of large urbanized territories of the Kingdom of Denmark. The European and world communities have long recognized its high efficiency. Today, Denmark has a three-level planning system covering the national, regional (sub-regional) and municipal levels of habitat development. At each level macro-regional and national features of the spatial organization of life processes are clearly manifested: paradigmatic, institutional, technological, typological and organizational-managerial. It is established that over the last century, the paradigm of flexible urban planning of typologically differentiated systemic forms of urbanization has been consistently implemented in the Kingdom of Denmark. It is proved that today, within the substantial framework of this paradigm, due to the coevolutionary reform of the elements of the administrative-territorial structure of the Scandinavian state, a consistent replacement of the trend of “planning regionalism” that prevailed at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries in the Danish urban formation with the trend of “new localism” took place. It is indicated that the identified paradigm transformation involves the transfer of authority in the field of planning, forecasting, design and regulation of urbanization processes from the national level. Thus, it bypasses the regional level, to the level of municipalities, implements, based on the principle of subordination to the trend of “new localism”, the trend of directive planning in relation to large urbanized territories. The results of the study can serve as information, theoretical and methodological support for the rationalization of the urban planning system of large forms of urbanized settlement within the boundaries of geostrategic and border territories of the Northwestern Federal District of Russia: the federal city of St. Petersburg and the agglomeration of the same name.