Abstract
Haematology analysers have become an intrinsic part of contemporary medical practice and are used by specialists in various fields of medicine to diagnose diseases and predict their course and outcome. Moreover, the readings of these devices are currently in demand in experimental biology and medicine, toxicology, and veterinary medicine. This review examines the capabilities of modern models of haematology analysers and prospects for their use. New technical approaches combined with already known methods and statistical calculation parameters allow us to significantly expand the range of analyser output. It is shown that the introduction of programs for statistical calculations of a large number of indices and parameters of the distribution of cell populations by their volumes opens up new prospects for describing and evaluating not only pathological, but also physiological states of the body. We analysed both Russian and foreign literature on the use of erythrocyte and platelet indices to diagnose cardiovascular and other pathologies. Taking into account the indicators of corpuscular volume based on histograms and analysing statistical parameters of blood cell distribution enhance our understanding of the structure of blood cell populations, significantly increase the information content of research and can serve as an additional criterion for quantitative assessment of the bodyʼs conditions and diagnosis of diseases. Statistical characteristics such as asymmetry coefficient, kurtosis, and standard deviation of empirical erythrograms and leukograms allow us to assess the degree of anisocytosis and cellular heterogeneity, as well as the ratio of different populations. Studying the volume characteristics of blood cells based on histogram analysis significantly improves the effectiveness of using haematology analysers in evaluating various pathological and physiological conditions of the body.
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