Изменение состава фитоценоза долголетнего сенокоса в зависимости от применения приемов улучшения

Abstract

Long-term studies on the effectiveness of using various doses of lime and mineral fertilizer in haymaking show their significant impact on the yield and composition of the grass stand, depending on the mode of use of the accumulated mass. Thus, in a protected area where the grass is not mowed, a grass stand with a predominance of reed grass has formed, regardless of the dose of lime applied. In the area where the grass stand is not fertilized and is mowed annually, a legume-grass phytocenosis has formed with a predominance of low-grass species with a yield of 1.5–2.5 t/ha of dry matter. In the area where the green mass is annually mowed and fertilizers are applied, a grass stand with a predominance of foxtail has formed, while the share of forbs is 2.6–10.3% depending on the dose of lime; leguminous species have practically disappeared. The yield of grass stand against the background of N120P60K90 is 2.7–4.2 t/ha of dry matter.