ОБЛАШТУВАННЯ, МОНІТОРИНГ ТА ЕКОЛОГІЧНА СЕРТИФІКАЦІЯ ПЛЯЖІВ НА РЕКРЕАЦІЙНИХ ВОДНИХ ОБ’ЄКТАХ

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to highlight the regulatory approaches to the arrangement, monitoring and environmental certification of beaches on recreational water bodies in Ukraine. The area of the territory for various functional uses in the coastal, beach and aquatorial zones of seas, rivers and lakes is determined in accordance with the indicators given in SBC B.2.2-12: 2019 for the planning and development of territories. Before the start of the summer season, a thorough commission check of the readiness of the beaches for activities is necessary, which includes checking the sanitary state of the territory and the quality of the water in the water body. According to the territorial regulatory authorities in the summer season of 2019, there were more than 350 organized beaches on rivers and lakes in Ukraine and about 190 on the coast of the Black and Azov Seas. An inspection of the state of preparation of the declared water recreation sites for the summer season of 2019 was carried out in May-June in different regions of Ukraine. Almost everywhere, when examining the beaches, shortcomings were revealed: a) in the unsatisfactory state of the water quality of water bodies in terms of sanitary-chemical and microbiological indicators; b) non-observance of the sanitary situation on the territory of beaches in places of organized recreation. At the beginning of the summer season of 2019, only in the Zaporizhya and Cherkasy regions, all tested beaches met the regulatory requirements for water quality of water bodies and the sanitary state of the territory. In Vinnytsa and Zhytomyr, all city beaches did not meet the regulatory requirements for water quality of water bodies or the sanitary state of the territory. In most areas, the availability of beaches for the summer season averaged 70%. In the monitoring of water quality in the beach areas, carried out by the structural units of the State Food Service and the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the microbiological block of indicators (E. coli) is decisive. The results of the weekly monitoring of water quality, which was carried out on the beaches of Kiev on the Dnieper in 2020, showed a significant dynamics in the status of the beach (deterioration in water quality), which was associated with rainfall and water bloom in the summer heat. A positive fact is the voluntary international environmental certification of beaches according to the Blue Flag program, the International Fund for Environmental Education, according to which 19 beaches were marked in Ukraine in 2021 (9 – sea, 10 – river).