Внутрирегиональная миграция как фактор динамики численности населения муниципальных образований Калининградской области

Abstract

Intraregional migration flows, being the most important factor of population redistribution, have a significant impact on the dynamics of the population of municipalities in Russia. Earlier studies devoted to the peculiarities of intraregional, in particular intermunicipal, migration flows in the Russian regions revealed the dependence of their geography on the characteristics of the economic and geographical position of municipalities and intraregional differentiation on the level of social and economic development. The Kaliningrad region, being a unique region in this regard, has so far remained out of the focus of researchers. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the spatial features of intraregional migration processes in the exclave region of Russia and to assess their impact on the dynamics of the population of the municipalities of the region. The study is based on data from Regional Office of the Federal State Statistics Service for Kaliningrad region on migration and population at the local level in 2011–2021 including intermunicipal migration matrices. Spatial features of intermunicipal migration in the region were investigated comprehensively by assessing the rates of migration flows themselves, by assessing intermunicipal migration connectivity based on the calculated coefficients of intensity of migration links between municipalities according to the methodology of L.L. Rybakovsky for 2011–2018, as well as the method of typologization. The study showed that intraregional migration flows, even in a compact region like Kaliningrad region, can be characterized by high complexity and combine a whole complex of previously identified features inherent in a number of other Russian regions, their orientation and conditionality of economic and geographical position.