Организационно-экономические аспекты повышения эффективности агропроизводства на основе технологий точного земледелия

Abstract

The article shows various aspects of increasing the efficiency of production of products of the plant growing sub-sector based on the introduction of precision farming technologies. An economic model for determining the potential for the introduction of precise technologies is presented, including the analysis of variable factors of production and the determination of the marginal product of labor in crop production, taking into account the acreage, yield, variable and fixed costs, the level of fertilization, plant protection products, profit and other factors.
 A significant regional differentiation in the level of use of precision farming technologies is revealed. The key factors that determine regional differentiation in the size of areas where elements of precision farming are used and the level of use of digitalization means in agricultural production have been identified. On the example of the Saratov region, the economic efficiency of the introduction of a precision farming system, including systems of parallel driving, differentiated sowing, differentiated fertilization, and harvesting logistics, has been proved.
 The directions of improving the system of state management of crop production using precision farming technologies based on the geographic information system of the region, including natural and cost indicators of crop production, distributed by geographic coordinates and aggregated with databases of commodity producers and cadastral land registration, have been developed.