Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the most common of all acid-related diseases, it is recognized as the leading cause of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The natural factor of protection against aggressive refluxate components is the integrity of the esophageal mucosa, which performs a barrier function with the participation of a number of mechanical, chemical and immunological mechanisms. Their damage under the regular influence of acidic or mixed reflux causes the development of the pathological process. The review was prepared to systematize knowledge of the main components of mucosal barrier of the esophagus providing resistance of mucosa under conditions of GERD. The literature was searched in Embase, PubMed, and Google Scholar using the keywords: gastroesophageal reflux disease, mucosal protection, esophageal mucosa epithelium, dense contact proteins, epithelial protection, esophagoprotection. The main structural and functional components of esophageal mucosal protection were emphasized
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