Abstract
In beef cattle breeding, it is necessary to identify and widely use animals characterized by high rates of nutrient utilization in the diet for the synthesis of meat products. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficiency of digestion of nutrients in the diet of purebred bull calves of the breeds Simmental (group I) and Limousine (group II) and their crossbreeds of the first (½ Simmental × ½ Limousine – group III), the second (¼ Simmental × ¾ Limousine – group IV) and the third (1/8 Simmental × 7/8 Limousine – V group) generations. It was found that due to the heterosis effect, crossbred bull calves of the first generation of group III outperformed their counterparts of other experimental groups in dry matter intake by 67.8 to 255.3 g (0.86 to 3.31%), organic matter – by 61.3 to 230.8 g (0.84 to 3.24%), crude protein – by 10.5 to 78.1 g (0.99 to 7.85%), crude fat – by 1.7 to 6.4 g (0.90 to 3.50%), crude fiber – by 21.5 to 81.4 g (1.20 to 4.70%), BEV – by 27.6 to 354.8 g (0.65 to 9.04%). The purebred Simmental bull calves of group I differed in the minimum consumption of all types of nutrients. Similar intergroup differences were observed in the digestibility of feed nutrients. The crossbred bull calves of group III outperformed the bull calves of the other experimental groups by weight of digested dry matter by 119.8 to 390.3 g (2.37 to 8.15%), organic matter – 130.6 to 396.6 g (2.87 to 8.71%), crude protein – by 22.5 to 98.3 g (3.24 to 15.90%), crude fat – by 2.7 to 9.2 g (2.11 to 7.58%), crude fiber – by 67.9 to 162.1 g (7.28 to 19.33%), BEV – by 37.5 to 417.0 g (1.26 to 15.54%). The highest coefficients of digestibility of nutrients were characterized by crossbred bull calves of groups III and IV. They better digested dry matter by 2.91 to 1.73%, organic – by 3.38 to 1.96%, crude protein – by 4.63 to 2.29%, crude fat – by 2.62 to 0.56%, crude fiber – by 6.76 to 1.87%, BEV – by 4.08 to 2.72% than peers of groups I, II and V.
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