АРХИТЕКТУРНО-ГРАДОСТРОИТЕЛЬНАЯ ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОЙ ТЕРРИТОРИИ, РАСПОЛОЖЕННОЙ У МОСКОВСКОЙ ЗАСТАВЫ В ПЕТЕРБУРГЕ

M Granstrem,M Zolotareva,Y Nikitin

doi:10.34031/2071-7318-2021-6-10-25-32

Abstract

This paper discusses the urban planning history of an area in Saint Petersburg around the former Moskovskaya Zastava, a historical gateway that travelers passed through when approaching Saint Petersburg from the direction of Moscow. Specifically, authors are interested in the architecture of the carriage building plant. By the end of the 19th century, this part of the city had turned into an industrial area, which saw dense development from 1897 to 1917. The development of heavy industry and the expansion of domestic railways led to an emerging demand in new freight cars. In this regard, it was decided to expand the car building at the existing factories, as well as to organize the construction of new ones. A small factory in St. Petersburg, which produced phaetons, cartridge boxes and field kitchens, in 1897 was significantly expanded and transformed into the St. Petersburg railcar plant. The characteristic features of the architectural and town-planning techniques of the late 19th - early 20th centuries were embodied in the volumetric-spatial composition of the carriage-building plant complex. The strong romantic tendencies characteristic for the industrial architecture of St. Petersburg of this period were clearly traced in its composition. For the next one hundred years, this vast space did not see any transformations, constituting a complete, self-sufficient environment. The railcar plant, originally constructed at the very end of the 19th century, remained standing near Moscovskaya Zastava until the early 21st century. In 2013, the industrial area ceased its existence, and the former plant was given away for residential development.

Highlights

Moskovsky Prospekt is the key thoroughfare of southern Saint Petersburg
Russian monarchs would travel along this road to Tsarskoye Selo between the 17th and 19th century
The 1817 topographic map of Saint Petersburg shows plots with wooden buildings surrounded by orchards and vegetable gardens

Summary

Introduction

Moskovsky Prospekt is the key thoroughfare of southern Saint Petersburg. Passing along the Pulkovo meridian, it developed historically as a part of the post road that connected Saint Petersburg with Novgorod, Tver, and Moscow. In the early 19th century, the development at the southern end of Saint Petersburg reached the Obvodny Canal. If we look at the General Plan of the Capital City of Saint Petersburg (from Zuyev’s 1858 atlas), we will see that development along Tsarskoselsky Prospekt, from the Obvodny Canal and further to the south, was still limited to suburban structures [3].

Results

Conclusion