Отдаленные неврологические последствия у детей от матерей с гестационным сахарным диабетом

Abstract

Objective. To improve the early diagnosis of neurological pathology in children from mothers with GSD by studying their neuroimmune interactions using the “Neuro-test” technology. Patients and methods. 74 children aged 4–12 years from mothers with GSD were examined clinically: The control group consisted of 72 children born to mothers without endocrine pathology during pregnancy. A number of indicators of innate and acquired immunity were determined in the blood serum (activity of leukocyte elastase, alpha-proteinase inhibitor and autoantibodies to the proteins of the nervous tissue MBM, S100, GFAP and FRN). Results. Neuropsychiatric pathology was significantly more often detected in children from mothers with GSD at the age of 4–12 years compared with the control group (43.2% and 16.7%, p < 0.001). Moreover, at the age of 4–7 years, this pathology was more common in the study group, compared with children aged 8–12 years (66.7% and 31.7%, p = 0.003). It was noted that heart abnormalities were significantly more often detected in the study group (33.8% and 13.9%, p = 0.004). In children from mothers with GSD, elevated levels of AAT to nerve tissue proteins are more often detected (25.7% and 8.3%, p = 0.006). The possible mechanisms of the influence of the diabetic state of the mother on the embryo/fetus, leading to the development of pathology of the nervous system in children, are discussed. Conclusion. children born to mothers with GSD in the long-term period are characterized by a high incidence of pathology of the nervous system. Key words: gestational diabetes mellitus, neuropsychiatric pathology, leukocyte elastase, autoantibodies