РІСТ І УРОЖАЙНІСТЬ ЧАСНИКУ ЗАЛЕЖНО ВІД СОРТУ В ПРАВОБЕРЕЖНОМУ ЛІСОСТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ

Abstract

Adaptive capacity of new varieties of garlic Prometei and Liubasha and to samples №102, №105 и №53 in open field was experimentally developed, tested, generalized, and proven in current article in the Right Bank forest Steppe of Ukraine. Using of new varieties and samples of garlic forced germination. There was an increase in the growth and development of garlic speeding up growth and plant developing due to increasing number of leaves at 1–2 leaves per plant, sheet plate area and common leaves surface to (5,4–8,9 sq. cm. and 13,1–19,4 thousand sq. m per ha). Sheet plate area of leaves samples №102 – 51.0 cm2, №105 – 50.9 cm2, №53 – 50.0 cm2 had a large leaf area, which dominated the control variety Sofievsky. The area of winter garlic leaves was the largest in samples №53 and №105 — 16.7 thousand m2/ha and exceeded the control variety Sofiyivsky by 8.9 thousand m2/ha. It is established, that new varieties and samples increased bulb and clove weight. Higher weight was received due to varieties Prometei and Liubasha (48,2–49,6 g) and due to samples №102, №105 and №53 (49,2–42,3 g). It was significant higher compare to control with growth from 3,3 to 3,9 g. The weight of clove was from 2,3 to 2,8 g and was significant higher then control at 0,9–1,4 g in accordance. It is established that the yield of varieties and varieties of winter garlic did not have a huge difference in numbers and a slightly higher yield was observed in 2020 for all varieties and cultivars compared to 2019. It is proved that a significant increase in commodity yield of garlic was obtained for the cultivation of Prometei and Liubasha varieties, where the yield was 9.1–9.2 t/ha, which is in addition to the control of 1.9–2.0 t/ha. The best yield indicator shows the sample №53 in 2020 – it is 9.4 t/ha. However, the average yield for two years is the best in samples №53 and №105 – it is 8.7 t/ha, which is 1.5 t/ha higher than the varieties Sofievsky control indicator.