Перспективи розвитку металургійного виробництва в Україні за рахунок використання нових технологій

Abstract

The development of directions for decarbonization of steel production with the aim of increasing energy efficiency and improving environmental indicators by reducing carbon dioxide emissions is an urgent and promising task of today's world metallurgy. In recent years, a new constraint has appeared on industrial production – the 2015 UN Paris Agreement requires countries to ensure the transition to steel production with limited or zero carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in order to reduce the impact of industry on the environment. The purpose of the article is to analyze the strategic aspects of the technological development of the metallurgical industry and the decarbonization of steel production on the basis of technology transfer and the development of theoretical and methodological bases for the analysis of energy saving directions. The work presents the results of the analysis of directions for reducing carbon dioxide emissions and reducing carbon consumption in metallurgical production due to the improvement of existing and the introduction of innovative technologies. The results of theoretical and experimental research on reducing CO2 emissions conducted in the world and in Ukraine are presented. The world leaders in the development of technical and technological solutions for reducing CO2 emissions in metallurgical production are the companies of most industrialized countries. Examples of new technologies that reduce CO2 emissions are given. It is shown that developments in the decarbonization of steel production have not yet reached the level that requires a significant reduction in CO2 emissions. The prospect of creating innovative technologies is related to the use of hydrogen in metallurgical production. But the solutions proposed by foreign companies are not always possible to apply to the metallurgical production of Ukraine, they require scientific study and adaptation to the conditions of Ukraine, including taking into account the energy balance of enterprises, raw material conditions, the level of technology and competitiveness of metal products, the availability of energy carriers. The conditions to which the general strategy of decarbonization of steel production must comply have been determined. In Ukraine, it is necessary to develop its own concept of reducing CO2 emissions, taking into account the preservation of the competitiveness of products. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate and analyze the directions for reducing CO2 emissions in the metallurgy of the country and abroad for the further reduction of carbon dioxide emissions in relation to the existing and prospective conditions of operation of metallurgical enterprises of Ukraine.