Abstract
The article reveals the main trends in the choice of religious identity among regular members of religious communities in the Republic of Bashkortostan living in various types of settlements. The religious choice, both among Muslims and Orthodox Christians, is mainly determined by primary agents of socialization - directly by mother and father, as well as by the closest relatives. The religious identity of a person in the 20th century was a choice (or lack of a conscious choice) of religion once and for all. In the 21st century, as a result of globalization, horizontal and vertical mobility of social groups, it can represent a set of religious choices, which requires further special studies.
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