ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ПРИНЦИПІВ ЦИРКУЛЯРНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ ПРИ ВИРОБНИЦТВІ АВТОМОБІЛІВ: ДОСВІД ПРОВІДНИХ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИХ АВТОКОНЦЕРНІВ

Abstract

This article is part of a study of the trend of changes in the automotive industry, other industries, logistics and electricity that is currently taking place in the world and is significantly changing the global economy. It reflects modern approaches to automotive production based on environmental protection throughout the entire car production cycle – from manufacturing to waste recycling and reuse of materials, i.e. the implementation of circular economy principles. These processes are in line with the general trend of reducing CO2 emissions to zero from both the use of transport and its production and disposal. To this end, leading European automakers are already implementing zero-waste and carbon-free production. This article examines how to achieve this and what methods are most effective. The challenge is to identify the most effective methods of zero-carbon car production to reduce CO2 emissions during production. After all, the automotive industry has many production, logistics and ancillary processes that have an impact on the environment. This diversity of raw materials is compounded by the wide range of parts they are used in. In addition, automotive production requires the assembly of components. All of these processes require significant energy consumption to operate plants that emit significant carbon emissions. Therefore, sustainability in the automotive industry is achieved through a large number of innovations and implementations. The purpose of the article is to study the main methods of production of passenger cars of such brands as Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Renault, Skoda, Volvo, and to analyse the most efficient methods that ensure carbon-free production. Conclusions were drawn on the effectiveness of these methods and the most advanced and efficient ones were identified. The study shows that leading automakers can achieve carbon-free production in the coming years to meet the EU's commitments to reduce its carbon footprint under the Fit for 5 programme. This is achieved through the use of energy-saving technologies, green energy, and recycling of used materials.