建康 소그드인에서 北海 奚人으로 - 魏博節度使 史憲誠 가문의 種族 인식과 혼란 배경

Abstract

This article reexamines the ethnicity of Shi Xiancheng, who served as Weibo military governor (jiedushi) from the second year of Changqing reign (822) to the third year of Dahe reign (829) and explains why Shi family’s perception towards ethnicity was changed. Considering the symbolic meaning of time, space and ethnicity that Shi family had, this research question was selected. This article also reviews the movements of Non-Han Chinese who were active in Weibo military province, a typical example of ‘the land of insurgency’ in ‘fanzhen domination period’, when lasted Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period after An Lushan Rebellion (755-763) <BR> Ancestors of Shi Xiancheng are Sogdian who lived in the area of the First Turkic Empire as a form of Barbarian village. They emigrated to Tang when Turkic Empire collapsed, and Tang dynasty let them inward migration to Lingwu. Shi family chose Jiankang as their influential families of a prefecture. During Tian Ji’an’s incumbency as Weibo military governor (796-812), Shi Zhouluo, Shi Xiancheng, and so forth, rose to general officers in Weibo military province. It means the migration route of the Shi family was the First Turkic Empire [“Beifang”, “Shuoye”] → Lingwu → Weibo military province. However, Shi Xiancheng’s son Shi Xiaozhang perceived “Beihai” as a new influential family of a prefecture, impersonated Xi as their ethnicity, and considered surname Shi as surname Ashina, a famous surname of Northern nomadic tribe.<BR> These factors in the change of their perception towards ethnicity are complicated. Their consciousness of ancestors had been decreased during long-term habitation in China. For instance, King of Parthian was described as a descendant of Yellow Emperor (Xuan Yuan). The repugnance towards Sogodian was appeared after An Lushan Rebellion, so Sogdian themselves altered their native place and surname. A change to vaguely influential families of a prefecture sometimes made it difficult to distinguish their ethnicity. A shift in Shi family’s perception towards ethnicity reflects the change of Sogdian’s identities after loss of autonomy for their region in mid 7th century.