Взаємозв'язок когнітивних дисфункцій з провідними симптомокомплексами при біполярних афективних розладах

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between clinical and psychopathological features of the leading symptom complexes and features of cognitive dysfunction in patients with bipolar affective disorder. Material and methods. The study involved 141 patients with bipolar affective disorder. The study of clinical and psychopathological features of depressive disorders included the analysis of the leading symptom complexes and clinical manifestations of depression in patients with bipolar affective disorder. The study of the features of cognitive dysfunctions in depressive disorders included an analysis of the severity of cognitive disorders and features of cognitive processes (mental, mnestic, attention, perception), executive functions and the specifics of social functioning in patients with bipolar affective disorder. Results and discussion. The study result showed that majority of patients had a predominance of asthenic-energetic, apathetic-adynamic and melancholic symptom complexes. According to the results of the research, a correlation analysis was performed, which allowed to determine the combination of clinical and psychopathological symptoms with the peculiarities of the cognitive functioning of patients with bipolar affective disorder. As a result of correlation analysis it was found that the apathic-adynamic symptom complex was associated with low work efficiency, decreased interest, difficulties in decision-making, severe impairment of executive functions and verbal productivity, rumination, moderate impairment of visual-motor coordination, decreased concentration, switching and attention stability, significant impairments in the areas of socially useful activities, personal and social interaction and self-service. The astheno-energetic symptom complex was associated with exhaustion of mental activity, a decreased level of delayed reproduction, difficulties in decision-making, low work efficiency, a low level of performance, a decrease in the level of short-term memory, moderate impairments in socially useful activities and self-care. Conclusion. The melancholic symptom complex correlated with self-accusation, catastrophization, moderate impairment of executive functions, a decrease in the level of attention switching, a low level of efficiency, an average selectivity of attention to negative stimuli, pronounced impairments of executive functions and verbal productivity. Dysphoric symptom complex was associated with blaming others, increased sensitivity to criticism, decreased concentration and stability of attention, average selectivity of attention to negative stimuli, and significant aggressive patterns of behavior