Врахування особливостей жіночого організму на уроках фізичної культури з дівчатами-підлітками

Abstract

The aim is to investigate the peculiarities of the level of manifestation of motor abilities of adolescent girls in physical education lessons, taking into account the peculiarities of the female body. The study involved 28 girls aged 14-15 with the consent of their parents, who helped fill in the data in the diary. The article considers the problem of improving the physical fitness of adolescent girls in physical education classes, taking into account the characteristics of the female body. Certain days of the menstrual cycle are favorable for the development of physical qualities. The study of the level of manifestation of different indicators of motor abilities on different days of the menstrual cycle of girls showed that they are heterochronous. This heterochrony affects the efficiency of the process of development of physical qualities. Therefore, favorable days of the menstrual cycle to learn new motor skills and increase the level of physical fitness are the days when the indicators under study are at a high level. These days are: 5-11 and 16-24 days of the ovarian – menstrual cycle (CMC). We investigated that the high level of manifestation of speed and strength abilities of girls was in 4-12, 16-25 days, average in 3, 15, 26, 27 days, low in 1, 2, 13, 14, 28 days of CMC. Studies have shown that the functional stability of the vestibular apparatus from 3 to 25 days of the menstrual cycle was at a high level, on the 2nd day of the cycle was an average level of manifestation, and on 1, 26, 27, 28 days - a low level. Manifestation of coordination abilities was characterized by a high level of 5-11, 15-24 days, medium - 3, 4, 12, 25, 26 days, low – 1, 2, 13, 14, 27, 28 days of the cycle. The state of special endurance in girls was characterized by a high level of manifestation in 5-11, 16-24 days, medium – in 3, 4, 15, 25 days, low – in 1, 2, 13, 14, 26, 27, 28 days of the cycle. Determination of flexibility in girls was characterized by a high level of manifestation in 1-12, 15-26 days of the cycle and an average in 13-14, 27, 28 days. Studies have shown that the selection of tools and methods used in classes with adolescent girls should take into account the sexual characteristics of students. These studies should be used in the educational process of adolescent girls in learning new motor skills and abilities, taking into account the days of the menstrual cycle to improve their health and increase their physical fitness. Given the individual functional state, changes in health in connection with the CMC, there is an opportunity and need to plan the load in the educational process, adjusting the volume and intensity of physical education lessons with girls.