Abstract
Objective. Study of ancient cartographic documents in order to clarify the principle of working with a portolan map based on the RUMB metric base. Methodology. Analytical, graphic, mathematical, geodesic. Scientific novelty. For the first time, a table of interrelation of units of measurement of time, angles and distances in the metric base of RUMB is shown. It was found that the so-called portolan maps were built on the basis of RUMB, and their projection is similar to the oblique Mercator projection with a cylindrical axis oriented along the earth’s magnetic axis, with an additional network of rhomb rectangular coordinates, which allows the map to be used at any position of the poles. The Mercator projection is a simplified version of it with one coordinate system. Practical implications. It is shown that dividing the clock face, equator and meridians of the Earth into the same number of parts allows determining the coordinates of points on the Earth’s surface using any of the known parameters, which greatly simplifies the solution of geodetic and navigation problems. Key words: units of measurement, metric base, degree, bearing, portolan map, rose card, projection, coordinate.
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