Применение метода многокритериального синтеза в решении задач по обеспечению пожарной безопасности

Abstract

Purpose. Increasing the efficiency of scientific research and solving applied problems in the field of fire safety by introducing a computational computer experiment – the method of multi-criteria synthesis to reduce the time, material and labor costs for the experiment and provide correct systemic interpretation of test results. Methods. To solve the problems of fire safety, the method of multi-criteria synthesis was applied. It makes it possi-ble to predict the behavior of the system, taking into account the stochasticity of its parameters and the choice of rational characteristics that provide the required output parameters. The search for the optimal set of parameters of a technical object involves the determination of the calculated values of the criteria by the values of the calculated points, which are located in the multidimensional space of variable parameters. In this case, the space of parameters is transformed into the space of criteria, taking into ac-count the accepted restrictions. Findings. The article provides examples of the application of the method of multi-criteria synthesis in solving problems of ensuring fire safety. The formulation of a fire retardant and fire extinguishing composition based on synthetic phosphates of bivalent and trivalent ammonium metals, being highly effective in impact on peat and wood, was determined. The using of an optimization-simulation approach made it possible to predict the time of extinguishing a fire in a tank and to select the optimal parameters of extinguishing by supply of low expansion foam directly into the fuel layer. On the basis of multi-criteria computer synthesis, the concentration of the modifying additive in the set of diamond segments and the cutting conditions for the tool during emergency rescue operations was determined. The way of assessing the aggregate territorial risk by the method of statistical modeling was developed which created a framework for risk management, including legal, economic regulation and compulsory insurance. Application field of research. The presented research results are aimed at improving the fire safety of various objects.