СПЕЦИФІКА ІСНУВАННЯ БУЛІНГУ В ЗАКЛАДАХ ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ОСВІТИ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ

Abstract

The article analyzes the main components of the content of such a phenomenon as «bullying», presents the reasons for the existence of bullying in the conditions of an institution of general secondary education; the theoretical aspects of the formation and development of bullying among children and adolescents in Ukraine are disclosed. The topicality of the topic is due to the fact that the problem raised in the article has hardly been studied in our country both from a theoretical and a practical standpoint. The phenomenon of bullying has been identified as widespread in modern schools, but for one reason or another, this problem is hushed up, cases of bullying are not publicized, and it is not customary to discuss it. It was found that the teaching staff, caring about their own reputation, ignores it, and on the other hand –parents who either consider the situation of bullying a good school of life, or, worried about their own children, transfer them to another educational institution. The socio-pedagogical and psychological problem of modern times – bullying – has been analyzed, the essential signs, main causes, forms of manifestation of this phenomenon have been revealed; the main features of bullying are defined; the main mechanisms of its development are analyzed; the role structure of bullying is described and the consequences for all participants of this phenomenon (for victims of bullying, bullies, observers) are highlighted. The purpose of the article was to determine the specifics of bullying and its prevention in war conditions, and as a result, the main modern scientific approaches to the manifestations of bullying were identified, and a system for preventing bullying among children and adolescents was described. Based on the results of a generalized analysis of pedagogical, psychological, sociological studies, the scientific principles of the origin and manifestation of bullying are revealed; the scientific essence of the concepts is defined: «bullying», «bullying in war conditions»; clarified the current level of bullying among children; the theoretical prerequisites for the spread of bullying in society are revealed and analyzed, and the reasons for its growth during the war are singled out. The main modern scientific approaches to the introduction, spread, and growth of bullying manifestations in the children's environment are summarized; identified and shown the socio-economic factors that contributed to the emergence and development of bullying in the environment of a general secondary education institution; reflects the prerequisites for the emergence of bullying in the children's and adolescent environment and the process of its growth as a negative stereotype among children and youth; reveals the specifics of bullying during wartime, as well as ways to overcome it. It is concluded that the effectiveness and expediency of bullying prevention in general secondary education is possible subject to appropriate social and economic changes, and this, in turn, requires society to be ready to combat bullying in youth and children's environments. Key words: bullying, bullying in war conditions, bullying in institutions of general secondary education, ways to overcome bullying.