Ժամանակակից գրական արևելահայերենի և գերմաներենի ենթակայական ու հարակատար դերբայների քերականական տիպաբանություն

Abstract

Subject participles of modern German and literary Eastern Armenian maintain the uniformity of composition. Resultative participle of German, due to the peculiarities of the verb, appears in two different forms of composition, by revealing certain peculiarities over composition of the Resultative participle in the Armenian language. Resultative participle is closely connected with the German verb system. Being one of the three main forms of the verb, it participates in the composition of compound finite tense forms and the Simple Past. In the modern literary Eastern Armenian language, resultative tense forms, unlike German, are not formed, and past tenses with the Resultative participle of literary Western Armenian have a predominant role over the perfect tenses in the frequency with which they are used. As the Perfect tenses are of the same form and there is no semantic difference between them (in Grabar = Old Armenian the Past participle was translated to Modern Armenian = Ashkharabar as Perfect or Resultative), the choice of the participle comes from the meaning of the sentence. The Resultative participle form in German used in the formation of the compound finite tenses of the Past is necessarily transformed into the Perfect tense form. Subject participle and Resultative participle, by combining verbal and noun features, appearing in corresponding syntactic positions in paralleled languages, become more capacious and practical, expressing also the functions of disappeared forms and participles.