Продуктивность озимого ячменя в зависимости от стимуляторов роста и норм высева

Abstract

From 2018 to 2021, in the subzone of ordinary chernozems of the Lower Volga region, experiments were carried out to study the effect of growth stimulants and seeding rates on the yield and energy activity of winter barley of the Erema variety. In the first order plots, three seed treatments were studied: 1. Control (fungicide treatment only) Tyaper; 2. Treatment with chemical insecticidal-fungicidal protectant Tyaper + growth stimulator Polydon biouniversal; 3. Treatment with the biological fungicide Alfastim using the biological growth stimulator Bioprofi. On plots of the second order, the seeding rates of winter barley of the Yerema variety were studied: 1. 3.5 million germinating seeds per hectare; 2. 4.0 million viable seeds per hectare. 3. 4.5 million viable seeds per hectare. As a result of the study, data and conclusions were obtained that allow finding and substantiating the optimal combinations of biological and chemical preparations for the cultivation of winter barley in the conditions of the Khoper region of the Volgograd region. The maximum yield of Erem winter barley on average for 2019-2021 was established on the variant with seed treatment with the Alfastim biological disinfectant in combination with the Bioprofi biological growth stimulator at a seeding rate of 4.0 million germinating seeds per hectare and equaled 5.66 t/ha. Calculated energy and economic efficiency in the cultivation of winter barley variety Erema with various combinations of biological and chemical preparations. The lowest energy efficiency coefficient on average for 2019-2021 was noted in the variant with seed treatment only with Tyaper chemical disinfectant and a seeding rate of 4.5 million seeds/ha and was 4.43 units, with a seeding rate of 3.5 million seeds / ha net energy income was by 0.23 units. more, and when sowing 4.0 million seeds / ha by 0.24 units. more. The highest energy efficiency coefficient was established for the variants with seed treatment with the Alfastim biological disinfectant in combination with the biological growth stimulator Bioprofi at a seeding rate of 4.0 million seeds/ha and was equal to 4.72 units.