РИСК РАЗВИТИЯ ГИНЕКОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО РАКА У ЖЕНЩИН ПОСЛЕ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ПРОГРАММЫ ЭКСТРАКОРПОРАЛЬНОГО ОПЛОДОТВОРЕНИЯ

Abstract

This article presents reviews of literature sources on the issue of assessing the risk of developing gynecological cancer in women after an in vitro fertilization program. Infertility and infertile marriages have now become quite a big problem of modern medicine. Against the background of the unfavorable demographic situation in the Russian Federation, this problem is becoming quite urgent. The main way to solve this situation is assisted reproductive technologies, among which the most common is in vitro fertilization. The in vitro fertilization program is accompanied by a hormonal ovulation stimulation procedure to obtain a female germ cell capable of fertilization. Against the background of the active use of the in vitro fertilization procedure, many patients had concerns related to the risk of developing gynecological cancer after the IVF procedure, which is due to the use of hormonal drugs to stimulate the ovaries. Also of concern is the fact that certain types of cancer, including ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer and breast cancer, are hormone-dependent. In this regard, multiple large-scale studies were conducted, which showed that the risk of developing gynecological cancer is really increased in patients after the in vitro fertilization program. In particular, breast cancer in women after the in vitro fertilization program is more common by 10%, and in women without a history of pregnancy and over the age of 40, it is more common by 31%. The increased risk may be due to age-related vulnerability to the effects of hormones or higher doses of hormones during the IVF procedure. Ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer are also more common in patients after IVF. According to the research results, it is suggested that it is not the IVF procedure itself that causes the development of cancer, but excessive hormonal load of the body, which leads to the launch of carcinogenesis.