МИНУЛЕ В СУЧАСНОМУ МІСТІ: ВИКЛИКИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ КУЛЬТУРНОЇ СПАДЩИНИ КИЄВА

Abstract

The article presents the results of the evaluation of cultural heritage objects and the identification of the main drivers, problems and prospects for the conservation and use of valuable buildings in the city of Kyiv. Various categories of historical buildings, the significance of which is fixed in some way in different statuses, the age of the buildings, and the abandoned historical buildings were identified based on the case of the historical area of Podil with characterised by the layering of buildings of different historical eras and the concentration of 70% of Kyiv's cultural heritage objects. The study of monuments and historically significant buildings of Podil revealed a number of existing problems in the processes of conservation and use of cultural heritage. In order to find out the main drivers, problems and prospects for the conservation and use of historically significant of the city of Kyiv, the method of expert evaluations was used. Based on the expert evaluations by representatives of public organizations, historians, lawyers, urban planners and architects, the reasons for the high rate of loss of Kyiv's cultural monuments were determined, and the weaknesses of the heritage conservation system at the municipal and national levels were identified. It was determined that imperfect legislation, weak protection institutions, urban economy, commodification of space, loss of the right to the city, passivity of the community, a new stage of formation of Ukrainian national identity affect the conservation and restoration of cultural heritage. It was revealed that one of the important problems of the city's interaction with heritage is the lack of a defined vision of its use in urban development programs. It was found that the current state of the issue indicates the need for updating approaches to understanding the city history, developing a strategy for the use and protection of heritage on the basis of regulation, the use of economic mechanisms of influence, and participation.