Клинико-лабораторные исследования в комплексной диагностике и лечении увеитов у детей

Abstract

This work is devoted to the analysis of the effectiveness of new clinical and laboratory studies and their possible application in treatment of uveitis in children. The paper assesses the study of the glutathione-reducing system as a factor in the vulnerability of eye tissues to the effects of free radicals and peroxidation products during inflammation. The dependence of the clinical picture of uveitis and the frequency of detection of eye tissue antigens in the blood was analyzed to assess the localization and stage of the pathological process, which will undoubtedly determine the tactics of the therapy. Evaluation of the main indicators of the activity of peroxidation processes in uveitis is proposed to be carried out according to the original method for determining the functional activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PNLs). It was proved that there is a close relationship between the level of PNLs activity, the level of intensity of peroxide processes and the ophthalmic picture of uveitis. Based on the results obtained in the following work, the use of pharmaceutical antioxidants, both traditional and those known drugs in which antioxidant properties were discovered for the first time, was proposed. This paper offers a concept of the development of toxic-allergic uveitis, including successive stages of the formation of immune complexes, inflammation, an increase in the functional activity of PMNs, their chemotaxis into the inflammation zone, infiltration through the capillary walls in the eye tissue, which leads to an avalanche-like increase in the level of oxidants, depletion of endogenous reserves of antioxidants, damage to cell membranes. Understanding these processes serves as an explication for developing optimal treatment regimens for uveitis and other inflammatory ophthalmpathology. Keywords: uveitis, retinal antigens, glutathione system, antioxidants, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, peroxidation, reactive oxygen species