ОЦЕНКА УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ СОРТОВ СОИ К БАКТЕРИАЛЬНЫМ БОЛЕЗНЯМ НА ИСКУССТВЕННОМ ИНФЕКЦИОННОМ ФОНЕ

Abstract

Bacterial blight (P. savastanoi pv. glycinea (Psg)) is one of the main bacterial diseases reducing the profitability of soybean cultivation. Another soybean disease recently discovered in Russia is rustybrown bacterial spot (and wilting) (C. flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens). The harm caused by these diseases, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacterial phytopathogens and the imperfection of available protection necessitate the search for alternative strategies, one of which is the use of resistant or low-strucking cultivars. In this work, the optimal method of artificial inoculation of plants was determined and 47 domestic soybean cultivars were screened for susceptibility to different strains of the two pathogens. It is shown that the optimal method of inoculation is cutting with scissors soaked in a suspension of bacteria with a concentration of 108 CFU/mL, which produces typical disease symptoms with a maximum damage area in 10 days after inoculation. The least affected cultivar was Soer 4, and the most susceptible cultivars were Nordica and Osmon. An atypical hypersensitivity reaction was noted in the form of abortion of a triple leaf with a petiole during Psg inoculation in cultuvars Nordica and Opus and cultivar Maxus after Psg and Cff inoculation