신체활동 참여가 발달장애인의 하지 근 긴장도 변화와 신체 균형능력에 미치는 영향

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical activity on changes in lower limb muscle tone and body balance ability in people with developmental disabilities. In this study, subjects with developmental disabilities who showed voluntary participation as those diagnosed as developmental disabilities through medical examination were selected as subjects. These subjects were randomly assigned to the trampoline group (n=10) and the yoga group (n=10) as those who did not participate in the recent regular exercise program. The trampoline and yoga were performed twice a week for a total of 20 times for 10 weeks with 60 minutes each. The intensity of exercise was divided into 3 steps, and rating of perceived exertion(RPE) of 8-9, 10-11, and 12-13 were performed, respectively. Muscle tone was measured at rest in a total of three muscle groups of the quadriceps muscle, hamstring, and calf. Also, one leg standing test was used to test the static balance ability, and linear gait test was performed to test dynamic balance ability. Based on the results of the study, the following results were obtained. First, in the trampoline and yoga group, the quadriceps muscle tone increased(p<.05) significantly, and the hamstring(p=.056) and calf muscle tone increased(p<.05) only in the trampoline group. Second, the static balance ability was significantly increased(p<.01) in the trampoline and yoga group. Third, the dynamic balance ability S1 & S2 was significantly increased(p<.05) in the trampoline group, but increased(p=.07) only in the dynamic balance ability S1 in the yoga group. Therefore, a physical activity program using trampoline and yoga can be an effective intervention to improve muscle tone, and it is considered appropriate as an alternative physical activity to improve balance and exercise performance for people with developmental disabilities in the future.