ПОМЕХОЗАЩИТА РАДИОЛОКАТОРА С СИНТЕЗИРОВАННОЙ АПЕРТУРОЙ КОСМИЧЕСКОГО БАЗИРОВАНИЯ НА ОСНОВЕ ЦИФРОВОЙ АФАР

Abstract

The article deals with General questions about the definition of parameters, the calculation of which is necessary for choosing a method for organizing interference protection of a synthetic aperture radar (RSA), analyzes and notes the features of the construction and functioning of the RSA. The features of noise protection on radars of various companies are considered: COSMO-SkyMed -4 (Constellation of Small Satellites for Mediterranean basin Observation) X-band (made in Italy), TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X (Germany), “Kasatka-R” (Russia). The subject of the study is a synthetic aperture radar, which is a coherent radar system that uses the flight path of the platform to simulate extremely large obstacles or objects electronically, and which generates high-resolution remote sensing images. Over time, individual transmit / receive cycles are completed, and data for each cycle is stored electronically. When the signal processing uses the amplitude and phase of the received signals in successive pulses from elements of a synthetic aperture. After a set number of cycles, the stored data is re-combined (taking into account the Doppler Effect inherent in different transmitters for the target geometry in each subsequent cycle) to create a high-resolution image of the terrain over which the flight is performed. The analysis of the RSA parameters that affect the radar noise immunity is performed. Objective: to analyze the interference protection of a space-based synthetic aperture radar based on digital AFAR. It is necessary to identify the type of interference that has an effective interfering effect on the protected object and determine their degree of impact depending on the parameters of the interference source. Noise immunity refers to the ability of a radio system to resist interference. Radars from various manufacturers have differential methods for improving noise immunity. The calculation of the radar range is given for the purpose of detailed consideration of the parameters of the maximum range of radio interference. The paper focuses on the main radar interference and options for improving noise immunity for this type of radar. Methodology: analysis of existing literature, analysis of technical characteristics of radars from various manufacturers, modeling of possible types of interference, deduction, induction, comparison of used radars with synthesized aperture, formalization.