Современные возможности оздоровления детей, инфицированных микобактериями туберкулеза, в дошкольном образовательном учреждении

Abstract

The WHO End TB Strategy for 2016–2035 aimed at elimination of tuberculosis makes the search for new criteria for assessing the effectiveness of anti-tuberculosis measures highly relevant. According to the literature, insufficient attention is paid to the rehabilitation of children infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) in special kindergartens. Objective. To assess the effectiveness of rehabilitation in special kindergartens for children infected with MBT. Patients and methods. We analyzed anthropometric data, parameters of adaptive potential (AP), frequency and duration of respiratory infections, dynamics of sensitivity to tuberculin in response to preventive measures in children who attended special kindergartens for rehabilitation (n = 28) and regular kindergartens (n = 29). Results. Children attending special kindergartens for rehabilitation demonstrated greater increase in their height (from 108.93 ± ± 2.05 cm to 113.36 ± 2,04 cm; р = 0.000), significantly lower increase of the AP (0.08 ± 0.01 and 0.16 ± 0.02; р = 0.04), fewer days missed due to acute respiratory infections (ARIs) (11.57 ± 1.44 and 17.00 ± 1.73; р = 0.020), and fewer ARI episodes (1.75 ± 0.18 and 2.66 ± 0.27; р = 0.007). Conclusion. Our findings suggest high effectiveness of special kindergartens for the rehabilitation of children with MBT infection. In addition to generally accepted tuberculin skin tests, we recommend the assessment of AP dynamics in children with MBT infection in order to evaluate the efficiency of preventive measures. Key words: children, infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, rehabilitation, adaptive potential, kindergartens