Трансформация бизнес-моделей в автомобильной промышленности в условиях развития беспилотных технологий

Abstract

A typical feature of the digital economy is the transformation of business models in all sectors of the economy under the influence of the development of digital technologies, the diffusion of different classes of artificial intelligence solutions. In the automotive industry, the driver of such transformations are unmanned vehicle control systems and the growing influence of the “mobility as a service” (MaaS) paradigm, which has gained particular popularity in recent years. The growing MaaS market and the shift of consumer value from the ownership model to the use model form a new mobility, according to which the transport system depends on the implementation of the principles of the sharing economy concept. Sharing begins to play an important role and becomes dominant in the formation of new consumer patterns, which directly affects the business models of both Russian and foreign automakers. The growing maturity of unmanned technologies also has an impact, which is reflected in strategic partnerships and mergers and acquisitions (M&A) transactions, including with startups specializing in unmanned driving technologies. The purpose of this study is to identify and systematize the conceptual foundations of MaaS and the practice of transforming business processes in the context of the development of unmanned technologies. The article offers recommendations on the formation of innovative business models of automakers, taking into account the ongoing changes in the technological component of the external environment under the influence of the development of technological solutions of artificial intelligence in the MaaS paradigm. Special attention is paid to the development of proposals for the successful transformation of business models of leading automakers, taking into account the global trends of MaaS and the growing maturity of unmanned technologies. When conducting the study, the authors relied on scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists, documents with state initiatives on the use of unmanned technologies on public roads in Australia, Great Britain, Germany, China, the Netherlands, the Russian Federation, the USA, and South Korea. The information base was compiled by reports of consulting companies: McKinsey, BCG, KPMG, PwC, statistical data of EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard, NAIC, OICA.