Abstract
The factors of supply and demand formation in the world steel market were determined, taking into account the principles of the system approach. The author singled out traditional economic factors that shape supply and demand on world markets, as well as factors of technical development of production that affect the volume of deliveries of certain types of products. The analysis showed that steel production is one of the fastest-growing areas of world industry, making a significant contribution to the growth of the gross domestic product in various regions of the world. Preference is given to the strongest materials with innovative properties and a low price. Steel-based materials are more adapted to these conditions, which is confirmed by the growth of their global production. The study also revealed the causes of price instability on the global steel market. At the same time, it was determined that steel prices are due primarily to the growth of its global consumption in the dynamics of the last 10 years, which is connected with the construction boom in Southeast Asia and the development of industry in other countries. It has been proven that in recent years there has been volatility in the rate of growth of the structure of steel exports, which in general made it possible to form factors that influenced the intensity of changes taking place in the steel market. Among them, the author singles out: needs for nanostructured materials, integration of modern digital technologies of neural networks and automation systems in production. An important factor in the competitiveness of steel on the world market is the expansion and introduction of new financial instruments that increase the degree of independence of the metallurgical industry from price fluctuations and other external influences, including new banking and insurance products with state participation. Such a policy will allow attracting foreign investments to the industry, which will significantly strengthen the position of Russian manufacturers on the international market. Factors of competitiveness of steel in the world market were systematized. In particular, among them, the author focused on the growth of domestic consumption of metals in the form of general development and support for the growth of all industries in the country.
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