Влияние стажа ожирения на его выраженность и риск развития метаболического синдрома

Abstract

Objective. To study the structure of exogenous constitutional obesity and metabolic risk in adolescents with different disease duration. Patients and methods. Study design: retrospective, observational, analytical. Adolescents with exogenous constitutional, abdominal type of obesity aged 12 to 17 years (n = 82) who underwent inpatient examination between 2018 and 2023 were included in the study using the continuous sampling method. The structure of obesity and metabolic disorders was assessed, and the association between the degree of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and disease duration was investigated. Results. Class III obesity was diagnosed in 46.3% of adolescents, class II obesity was slightly less common (24.4% of patients), class I obesity and morbid obesity were observed with the same prevalence (14.6%). Metabolic syndrome occurred in 39.0% of cases, with impaired fasting glycemia (52.4%), hyperuricemia (53.7%) and dyslipidemia (34.2%) being frequent pathological conditions. There was a predominance of greater obesity degree in boys and a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (52.2% of boys and 22.2% of girls (p = 0.007)). It was found that disease duration was positively correlated with the degree of obesity (r = 0.350, p = 0.001), and an increase in metabolic disorders with the progression of obesity was determined (r = 0.299, p = 0.006). At the same time, comparative and correlation analysis, calculation of relative risk and odds ratio did not reveal a statistically significant association between disease duration and risk of metabolic syndrome. Conclusion. The results of this study did not reveal a significant association between metabolically unhealthy obesity and disease duration, but the correlation between disease duration and obesity degree, as well as the increase in metabolic disorders with higher body mass index were established. Key words: metabolic syndrome, obesity duration, exogenous constitutional obesity, adolescents