Особливості сезонності захворювання на дерматофітози собак і котів у місті Харкові

Abstract

Dermatophytosis, which is widespread in animals of various species makes a significant epidemiological risk to human health (Havlickova, Czaika, & Friedrich, 2008; Chermette, Ferreiro, & Guillot, 2008; Kovalenko, Nesterenkova, O. Ponomarenko, G. Ponomarenko, & Kovalenko, 2015; Cafarchia, Figueredo, & Otranto, 2013; Shokri, & Khosravi, 2016; Tartor, El Damaty, & Mahmmod, 2016). Previous studies have identified some epizootological features of the dermatophytosis course in dogs and cats in Kharkiv – species and breed susceptibility, age and sex dependence; laboratory monitoring of isolated pathogens of dermatophytosis has been carried out (Ponomarenko, 2017; Morozova, Severyn, & Ponomarenko, 2015; Ponomarenko et al., 2018; Ponomarenko et al., 2019; Ponomarenko, 2019). The purpose of this work was to study seasonality of dermatophytosis in dogs and cats in Kharkiv. Studies on the seasonality of dogs and cats’ disease in relation to dermatophytosis, analysis and generalization of the results were conducted during 2012–2018 in the conditions of the municipal enterprise Center for the Treatment of Animals (Kharkiv), three private veterinary clinics of Kharkiv and Educational and Scientific Laboratory for Molecular-Genetic Research Methods named after PI Verbitsky at Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy. The diagnosis of dermatophytosis in dogs and cats was established comprehensively. First of all, the results of clinical and epizootic studies were analyzed taking into account the peculiarities of dermatophytosis manifestation in dogs and cats in Kharkiv at different seasons of the year during the observation period. According to the results of the research, the peculiarities of the seasonality of dermatophytosis in dogs and cats in Kharkiv have been studied. It was established that the incidence of dermatophytosis among stray dogs in Kharkiv during 2012-2018 was 13.16 %, and among stray cats – 38.18 %. The peculiarity of dermatophytosis among domestic animals during 2012-2018 is almost three times higher incidence rate among domestic cats (50.25 %) compared with the incidence among domestic dogs (18.09 %). The seasonality of dermatophytosis among stray dogs was characterized by an increase in the number of diseased animals in the spring – in May, the incidence rate was 19.48%, and in the autumn – in October, the figure was 25.00%. A characteristic feature of the manifestation of the seasonality of dermatophytosis among stray cats is a significant fluctuation in the incidence rate during the year – from 16.67 % in March to 55.56 % in September. Domestic cats, unlike domestic dogs have been affected by dermatophytosis in any season of the year with a slight variation in the incidence rate.