Abstract
The authors investigate the sludge index, dehydrogenase activity and elimination rate for glucose and ammonium ions in activated sludge obtained from urban sewage in treatment plants in the city of Irkutsk to determine the relationship between the factors and the ability to generate an electric current in biofuel cells (BFC). A two-chamber BFC design was used to examine the electrogenic activity of sludge. BFC chambers were separated by a MF-4SK (Plastpolymer CJSC, St. Petersburg) proton-exchange membrane. Sludge sampling was carried out using a sterile syringe inserted through a specially-designed rubber plug in the side of the anode chamber. The proposed cell modification provides sampling or substrate and bioagent dosing without disturbing anaerobic conditions in the anolyte. The Ural T-22R A carbon fabric (SvetlogorskKhimvolokno OJSC, Republic of Belarus) material was used for the electrodes in the BFC under study. Activated sludge was subjected to heat treatment for 5, 10 and 15 min at 80 °С. Inactivation was additionally performed by autoclaving at 1 atm for 30 min (120 °С). The sludge index was determined by the standard method for calculating the volume and weight ratio of sludge. The sludge dehydrogenase activity was evaluated by the reduction of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride. The dynamics of sludge elimination for glucose (by the reduction of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride) and ammonium (by Nessler's reagent) was studied using photometric methods. As a result, sludge heating and autoclave inactivation negatively affected the electrical parameters of sludge-based BFC and the sludge elimination rate for glucose and ammonium nitrogen. The electrogenic activity in BFC was determined for sludge sampled from aerotanks having varying sludge index and dehydrogenase activity values. A direct relationship between the studied parameters is indicated, providing for the application of biofuel cells for the rapid assessment of the physiological state and efficiency of activated sludge.
Highlights
The use of the tetrazolium salt XTT for the estimation of biological activity of activated sludge cultivated under steady-state and transient regimes // Journal of Microbiological Methods. 2000
СВЕДЕНИЯ ОБ АВТОРАХBeschkov have equal author’s rights and bear equal responsibility for plagiarism
Summary
NH4Cl (600 мг/л) + нативный активный ил NH4Cl (600 мг/л) + активный ил, нагретый в течение 10 мин при 80 °С NH4Cl (600 мг/л) + активный ил, нагретый в течение 30 мин при 80 °С NH4Cl (600 мг/л) + инактивированный активный ил (автоклавирование при 120 °С, 1 атм в течение 30 мин). Значение илового индекса образца активного ила, отобранного из аэротенка 2, в исследуемый период оказался выше нормы и составлял 546,3,7±91,9 см3/г 4. Показатель илового индекса проб активного ила, отобранных из аэротенков 1 (проба 1) и 2 (проба 2) КОС г. 5. Значения дегидрогеназной активности проб активного ила, отобранных из 1-го (проба 1) и 2-го (проба 2) аэротенков КОС г. 7. Динамика силы тока, генерируемого активным илом в БТЭ Что инактивация ила или термическое воздействие негативно сказывались на его электрогенной активности, снижали скорость элиминирования илом субстратов (глюкозы и аммонийного азота), а также уменьшали показатель илового индекса. При анализе электрогенной активности проб ила из разных аэротенков, отличающихся по значению илового индекса и дегидрогеназной активности, была отмечена прямая зависимость между исследуемыми показателями ила. Полученные результаты позволяют предложить использование биотопливных элементов как объективного инструментального метода для оценки работоспособности активного ила
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