Трудова імміграція як інструмент стимулювання економічного зростання України в післявоєнний період

Abstract

The aim of the article is to substantiate the need to develop and implement an active immigration policy of Ukraine in the post-war period. Taking into account the current state of the labor market, large-scale internal and external migration and increasing economic imbalances, the relevance of considering this topic has been determined. The content of the concept of «immigration policy» is also outlined, the state of migration policy before and during the full-scale invasion is considered, and conclusions are drawn about the limited list of quota holders due to their low qualifications and about the insufficient number of labor migrants from abroad due to the limited number of immigration permits. Examples of countries that have had experience in attracting foreign citizens to rebuild their economies, which can be useful for Ukraine, are provided. As a result of the study, priority areas and areas in which it is necessary to introduce programs for attracting foreign labor migrants are proposed and is substantiated from what countries it is most profitable to attract immigrants, based on their specialization and the development of modern technologies. Included to the priority sectors were: reconstruction of crucial infrastructure, development of information technology, medicine, education and agriculture. Volunteering activity is presented as an important area for attracting foreigners in connection with the russian armed aggression against Ukraine. The basic principles for the successful introduction of immigration policy and the mechanism for implementing the proposed measures to attract the attention and integration of highly qualified specialists from other countries into Ukraine were also outlined, which will contribute to the recovery of the country’s economy and increase its competitiveness. The prerequisites for the successful implementation of the proposed measures included the availability of sufficient resources, the participation of stakeholders and the overcoming of bureaucratic obstacles, cultural and language barriers.