«Вторники» и «Воскресенья»: к вопросу о существовании братства «Христос и Свобода»

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of one of the main controversial points in the historiography of the largest post-revolutionary religious and philosophical association of Petrograd-Leningrad in the 1920s - "Voskresen’ya". This issue is connected with the history of the brotherhood "Hristos i Svoboda" ("Christ and Freedom"), created, according to the established historiographical tradition, at the religious and philosophical circle "Voskresen’ya". It was revealed that the only source through which we learn about the existence of this "brotherhood" are the memories of E.N. Fedotova. Other sources do not contain a word about this "brotherhood". It is not mentioned either in the investigative materials or in the memoirs of the participants of the "Voskresen’ya". Almost all researchers of the history of "Voskresen’ya" ignore this moment, and only two articles express doubts about the existence of this brotherhood, which are not supported by evidence.In this study, an attempt is made to consider this issue more closely than it was done earlier. All currently available sources on the history of religious and philosophical associations - "Vtorniki" and "Voskresen’ya" – were reviewed and analyzed. As a result of the analysis of the historiography of the issue, errors and inaccuracies existing in the works of researchers related to the history of "Vtorniki" and "Voskresen’ya" were revealed. As a result of the application of the comparative historical method, it was possible to reveal that all publications mentioning the "brotherhood" unreasonably call it the brotherhood "Hristos i Svoboda", ignoring the fact that there is no information in the source to support this judgment, since E.N. Fedotova mentions precisely the "brotherhood with the vow "Christ and Freedom", without a clear designation of its name.It was revealed that the vow "Christ and Freedom" mentioned by E.N. Fedotova really took place within the framework of the activities of the "Voskresen’ya". The combination of these words in the updated program of "Voskresen’ya" from 1928, as well as a number of other indirect facts, allowed us to draw a parallel and put a sign of identity between the brotherhood "Hristos i Svoboda" and "Voskresen’ya". On the basis of indirect signs, the fact of inaccuracies and unreliable facts in the memoirs of E.N. Fedotova, it was assumed that the message about the "brotherhood" was based on the erroneous ideas of E.N. Fedotova. Since her husband G.P. Fedotov participated in the meetings of the Brotherhood of St. Sophia in Petrograd, it remains likely that years later E.N. Fedotova could have mistakenly used the word "brotherhood" in relation to the religious and philosophical association known to us as "Voskresen’ya".