Abstract
An analysis of a number of morphometric values (slope and length of slopes, exposition, vertical depth and density of horizontal relief dissection) was performed, the erosion potential (USLE) of the territory was calculated using the example of catchment basins of small rivers of the Tomsk region - Basandayki and Tugoyakovka on an area of 72000 hectares. The analysis was carried out using the free GIS Quantum GIS Desktop 3.12.2 with GRASS 7.8.2 and SAGA 2.3.2 based on the SRTM Earth Explorer digital relief model with a resolution of 30x30 m per pixel. The analysis showed that the studied territory is predisposed to the development of water erosion; the combination of the studied factors causes an increase in the degree of erosion development in the east-west direction from the center of the inter-river space of the Tomi and Yai rivers to the channel of the Tomi River. Based on the obtained data on the density of horizontal dissection of the terrain and the slope of the territory within the territory under study, agroecological groups of land were identified. The following ratio (native/agricultural) was determined: placors - 7.5 %/8.6%, low erosion lands - 24.3 %/28.7%, medium erosion lands - 54.9 %/53.6%, strong erosion 12.8 %/8.5%, very strongly erosion - 0.5 %/0.6%. The potential for water erosion varies from insignificant to very strong: most of the territory is characterized by average (86.3%) and strong (10.77%) potential erosion, which is expressed in soil flushing from 1 to 5 tons/ha/year and from 5 to 10 tons/ha/year, respectively. Very severe erosion (10 to 29.1 tons/ha/year) is potentially affected by 1.9% of the area. For the analyzed indicators, vector thematic maps have been created containing information about the areas and values of indicators with reference to the OSM Standard topographic base and the Google satellite online map, which provides the ability to quickly amend the digital terrain model and allows you to plan activities in accordance with the current infrastructure. The data obtained by means of GIS and materials of the remote sensing of Earth (RSE), objectively describe an erosive situation in the explored territory and are combined with the literary data based on land observations and also supplement them. The created materials can be useful in medium-scale soil erosion mapping of land and for planning erosion control measures in the territory of the underground zone of the Tomsk region.
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